6 research outputs found

    ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для зависимостСй соСдинСния Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…

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    In this paper a generalisation of the inference rules of the join dependencies that are used in the design of database schemas that meets the requirements of the fifth normal form is considered. In the previous works devoted to this problem, attempts to construct systems of the axioms of such dependencies based on inference rules are made. However, while the justification for the consistency (soundness) of the obtained axioms does not cause difficulties, the proof of completeness in general has not been satisfactorily resolved. First of all, this is due to the limitations of the inference rules themselves. This work focuses on two original axiom systems presented in the works of Sciore and Malvestuto. For the inclusion dependencies a system of rules that generalises existing systems and has fewer restrictions has been obtained. The paper presents a proof of the derivability of known systems of axioms from the presented inference rules. In addition, evidence of the consistency (soundness) of these rules is provided. The question of the completeness of the formal system based on the presented rules did not find a positive solution. In conclusion, the theoretical and practical significance of the inference rules for the join dependencies is noted.Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ рассматриваСтся ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° зависимостСй соСдинСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ схСмы Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ трСбованиям пятой Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. Π’ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ…, посвящСнных Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ систСмы аксиом Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… зависимостСй, основанных Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ… Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Однако, Ссли обоснованиС нСпротиворСчивости (надСТности) ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… аксиом Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ случаС Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго, это связано с ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ самих ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах аксиом, прСдставлСнных Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ… Sciore ΠΈ Malvestuto. Для зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° систСма ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ», которая ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСньшС ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ прСдставлСно Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ выводимости извСстных систСм аксиом ΠΈΠ· прСдставлСнных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, приводится Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ нСпротиворСчивости (надСТности) этих ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ». Вопрос ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, основанной Π½Π° прСдставлСнных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Ρ…, Π½Π΅ нашСл ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° тСорСтичСская ΠΈ практичСская Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° для зависимостСй соСдинСния

    ВСстированиС зависимостСй ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…

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    The process of testing dependencies and inference rules can be used in two ways. First, testing allows verification hypotheses about unknown inference rules. The main goal, in this case, is to search for the relation - a counterexample that illustrates the feasibility of the initial dependencies and contradicts the consequence. The found counterexample refutes the hypothesis, the absence of a counterexample allows searching for a generalization of the rule and conditions for its feasibility (logically imply). Testing cannot be used as a proof of the feasibility of inference rules, since the process of generalization requires the search for universal inference conditions for each rule, which cannot be programmed, since even the form of these conditions is unknown. Secondly, when designing a particular database, it may be necessary to test the feasibility of a rule for which there is no theoretical justification. Such a situation can take place in the presence of anomalies in the superkey. The solution to this problem is based on using join dependency inference rules. For these dependencies, a complete system of rules (axioms) has not yet been found. This paper discusses: 1) a technique for testing inference rules using the example of join dependencies, 2) a scheme of a testing algorithm is proposed, 3) some hypotheses are considered for which there are no counterexamples and inference rules, 4) an example of using testing when searching for a correct decomposition of a superkey is proposed.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡ тСстирования зависимостСй ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использован Π² Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… направлСниях. Π’ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ…, тСстированиС позволяСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ нСизвСстных ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Основная Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом поиск Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ удовлСтворяСт исходным зависимостям ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡŽ. НайдСнный ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Ρƒ, отсутствиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° позволяСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ поиску обобщСния ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΈ условий Π΅Π³ΠΎ выполнимости (logically imply). ВСстированиС Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠΌ выполнимости ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ процСсс обобщСния Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ поиска ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… условий выводимости для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ этих условий нСизвСстСн. Π’ΠΎ-Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° выполнимости ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ отсутствуСт тСорСтичСскоС обоснованиС. Вакая ситуация ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡƒΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅. РСшСниС этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ основываСтся Π½Π° использовании ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° зависимостСй соСдинСния. Для этих зависимостСй ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° полная систСма ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» (аксиом). Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассматриваСтся: 1) ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° провСдСния тСстирования ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ зависимостСй соСдинСния, 2) ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° схСма Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ° тСстирования, 3) рассмотрСны Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Ρ‹, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, 4) ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ использования тСстирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ поискС ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡƒΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°

    ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ зависимости Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…

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    The paper discusses a new type of dependency in databases, which is a generalization of inclusion dependencies. Traditionally, such dependencies are used in practice to ensure referential integrity. In this case, the restriction is established only between a pair of relations, the first of which is called the main, the second is external. In practice, referential integrity often needs to be established for a larger number of relations, where several main and several external relations participate in the same constraint. Such a structure corresponds to an ultragraph. The paper provides a rationale for generalized inclusion dependencies that take into account the presence of null values in external relations. Based on the study of the properties of typed dependencies, a system of axioms is obtained, for which consistency (soundness) and completeness are proved.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассматриваСтся Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ зависимостСй Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ зависимости Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для обСспСчСния ссылочной цСлостности. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом, ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ устанавливаСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… называСтся Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ β€” внСшним. На ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡ‹Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ часто трСбуСтся ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ для большСго числа ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ нСсколько Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ нСсколько ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Вакая структура соотвСтствуСт ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρƒ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ обоснованиС ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ…. На основС исслСдования свойств Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° систСма аксиом, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ (Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π°

    Анализ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ значСниями

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    Null values have become an urgent problem since the creation of the relational dataΒ model. The impact of the uncertainty affects all types of dependencies used in the design and operationΒ of the database. This fully applies to the inclusion dependencies, which are the theoretical basis forΒ referential integrity on the data. Attempts to solve this problem contain inaccuracy in the statementΒ of the problem and its solution. The errors in formulation of the problem can be associated with theΒ use in the definition of untyped inclusion dependencies, which leads to permutations of the attributes,Β although, the attributes in database technology are identified by name and not by their place. In addition, linking with the use of the inclusion dependencies of heterogeneous attributes, even of the same type, is a sign of lost functional dependencies and leads to interaction of inclusion dependencies and non-trivial functional dependencies. Inaccuracies in the solution of the problem are contained in the statements of axioms and the proof of their properties, including completeness. In this paper we propose an original solution of this problem only for typed inclusion dependencies in the presence of Null values: a new axiom system is proposed, its completeness and soundness are proved. On the basis of inference rules we developed an algorithm for the construction of a not surplus set of typed inclusion dependencies. The correctness of the algorithm is proved.НСопрСдСлСнныС значСния стали Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ с ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° создания рСляционной ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ВлияниС нСопрСдСлСнностСй сказываСтся Π½Π° всСх Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ… зависимостСй,Β ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ эксплуатации Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π’ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ это относится ΠΈΒ ΠΊ зависимостям Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ тСорСтичСской основой ссылочной цСлостности Π½Π°Β Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅. ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ содСрТат нСточности ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² постановкС Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ,Β Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² самом Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. К постановочным ошибкам ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ отнСсти использованиС Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ пСрСстановкам Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ², хотя в тСхнологиях Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, связываниС Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ² являСтся признаком потСрянной Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ зависимости ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй. Зависимости Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Β ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ количСствСнноС соотнСсСниС ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ². НСточности Π² Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ содСрТатся Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ… аксиом ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ их свойств, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдлагаСтся ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависимостСй Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ:Β ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° систСма аксиом, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. На основС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ построСния Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мноТСства Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΒ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ этого Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°

    A Generalization of the Inference Rules for Join Dependencies in Databases

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    In this paper a generalisation of the inference rules of the join dependencies that are used in the design of database schemas that meets the requirements of the fifth normal form is considered. In the previous works devoted to this problem, attempts to construct systems of the axioms of such dependencies based on inference rules are made. However, while the justification for the consistency (soundness) of the obtained axioms does not cause difficulties, the proof of completeness in general has not been satisfactorily resolved. First of all, this is due to the limitations of the inference rules themselves. This work focuses on two original axiom systems presented in the works of Sciore and Malvestuto. For the inclusion dependencies a system of rules that generalises existing systems and has fewer restrictions has been obtained. The paper presents a proof of the derivability of known systems of axioms from the presented inference rules. In addition, evidence of the consistency (soundness) of these rules is provided. The question of the completeness of the formal system based on the presented rules did not find a positive solution. In conclusion, the theoretical and practical significance of the inference rules for the join dependencies is noted

    Technology of separate generation of multidimensional data

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    The research subject is the technology of generating the multivariable data representation with using separate formation of dimensions and measures. The purpose of the study is to provide a full level of the user’s work automation at the formation of new data cubes. In the course of investigation, the following problems are solved: the sequence of generating intermediate data representations is determined; the correctness of these representations is studied; efficient algorithms for generating the representations and checking their correctness are developed. The theoretical basis is the methods of the inter model mapping. Herewith, a classical relational model is used as a source data model, an extended model of the multidimensional data with unbalanced hierarchies in dimensions - as a target one. The work result is the multidimensional data construction technology. Consequently, the results obtained can be used by the analytical departments at various enterprises in processing large data volumes. The proposed technology of the multidimensional data formation is the traditional OLAP-technologies development
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